Tromostovje
Ljubljana
Fotosi, štiva
https://www.google.com/search?q=tromostovje,ljubljana&hl=en&client=opera&hs=w40&rls=en&channel=suggest&prmd=imvns&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=nbLsT9CUG6za4QT77MiWBQ&ved=0CEsQsAQ&biw=991&bih=637
Danes mineva 140 let od
rojstva velikega slovenskega arhitekta Jožeta Plečnika, ki je usodno zaznamoval
podobo Ljubljane, pa tudi Dunaja, Prage in Beograda.
Plečnik se je rodil v
Ljubljani, ki je takrat spadala pod Avstro-Ogrsko, študiral pa je v Gradcu in
na Dunaju pri priznanem arhitektu in pedagogu Ottu Wagnerju. V času, ko je
delal v Wagnerjevem biroju, je bil Plečnik povezan s šolo dunajske secesije,
nato pa se je preselil v Prago, kjer je poučeval in vplival na mlajšo
generacijo arhitektov, ki je nato ustanovila avantgardno češko kubistično
gibanje v dvajsetih letih. Plečnik je bil tudi vodja obnove Hradčanov,
srednjeveškega praškega gradu, ki kraljuje nad češko prestolnico.
Leta 1921 se je Jože Plečnik
na povabilo stanovskega kolega Ivana Vurnika vrnil v Ljubljano, kjer je s
prekinitvami zaradi del
v Pragi ostal do smrti in kjer je pustil največji pečat. V dvajsetih in
tridesetih letih 20. stoletja je preobrazil podobo Ljubljane, poleg cerkva je
zasnoval mostove in oblikoval obrežje Ljubljanice, tržnico, spomenike, trge in
parke, pokopališče Žale, pa Narodno univerzitetno knjižnico ...
Po 2. svetovni vojni se je arhitekt po nekaterih
pričevanjih znašel v nemilosti komunistične oblasti, ki naj ji ne bi ustrezale
njegova zavezanost klasični arhitekturi in predanost katoliški veri. Začel se
je zmanjševati njegov vpliv na ljubljanski univerzi, dobival je vse manj
pomembnih naročil. Kljub temu so ga po smrti leta 1957 pokopali z državniškimi
častmi na Žalah. Njegovo delo so v šestdesetih in sedemdesetih letih v večji
meri zanemarjali, v osemdesetih in devetdesetih pa je s postmodernizmom prišla
nova doba rabe klasičnih oblik in motivov v arhitekturi in s tem obnovljeno
zanimanje za Plečnikove stvaritve. Po njem so
poimenovali najvišja slovenska priznanja za arhitekturo: od leta 1973 vsako
leto Sklad Jožeta Plečnika objavi razpis za Plečnikovo nagrado in Plečnikove
medalje. Petdeseto obletnico njegove smrti je leta 2007 država obeležila s
Plečnikovim letom.
Celoletni muzejski poklon
Plečniku
Program Plečnik 2.0 je serija
dogodkov, ki bodo v letošnjem letu, ob 140. obletnici rojstva arhitekta Jožeta
Plečnika, potekali v Muzeju za arhitekturo in oblikovanje (MAO). Plečnik 2.0 bo
serija vodenih ogledov po Plečnikovih hišah, predavanj v Muzeju za arhitekturo
in oblikovanje in drugih različnih dogodkov, katerih skupni imenovalec bo živo
vključevanje uporabnikov v interpretacijo Plečnika, njegove osebnosti in
njegove zapuščine, ki ni le arhitekturna, temveč zadeva širšo kulturo.
V četrtek, 26. januarja, bo v
MAO-ju potekal prvi blok predavanj znotraj programa Plečnik 2.0, ki ga bodo
izvedli arhitekti in prostorski načrtovalci. Namen predavanj je vzpostaviti
odnos med Plečnikovo arhitekturo in sodobnimi praksami produkcije prostora, med
sodobno arhitekturo in sodobno krajinsko arhitekturo. V svojih predstavitvah
bodo arhitektka Maruša Zorec, krajinska arhitektka Ana Kučan in arhitekt
Boštjan Vuga Plečnikovo arhitekturo podali kot nabor brezčasnih konceptov in orodij
za ustvarjanje v današnjem času in v prihodnosti. Kako pogosto ali kako poredko
je Plečnikova arhitektura prisotna v podzavesti in pri vsakdanjem delu sodobnih
arhitektov? V kolikšni meri določa razmišljanje načrtovalcev? V čem se skrivata
njena brezčasna moč in navdih?
Po predavanjih si bodo obiskovalci ogledali umetniško
instalacijo 3-D-mapiranja, ki jo je pripravila kulturno-umetniška skupina
INDIGOTM Avantgarde, in se na koncu ogreli s Plečnikovim čajem.
Nekaj Plečnikovih del, ki
določajo podobo slovenske prestolnice, si oglejte v fotogaleriji.
A. K.
Jože Plečnik Exhibition in Brussels
http://www.eu2008.si/en/News_and_Documents/Press_Releases/May/0514MK_Plecnik_razstava.html
Jože Plečnik, 23 January 1872
– 7 January 1957, was a Slovene architect who practised in Vienna,
Belgrade, Prague
and Ljubljana.Contents
Plečnik was born in Ljubljana, Carniola, Austria-Hungary (now the capital of Slovenia). From
1894 to 1897 Plečnik studied with noted Viennese architect and educator Otto
Wagner and worked in Wagner's architecture office until 1900. While in Wagner's
office Plečnik was affiliated with the Viennese Secession, noted for its
rejection of the decorative motifs of historic architecture in favor of a new,
organic mode of ornament. From 1900 through 1910 Plečnik practiced architecture
in Vienna, completing
projects such as the Langer House (1900) and the Zacherlhaus (1903–1905). These
early projects are characterized by rational organization and planning typical
of Wagner's designs for apartments and infrastructure, and richly decorated
surfaces featuring organic motifs typical of the Secession. Plečnik's Church of
the Holy Spirit (Vienna, 1910–1913) is remarkable for its innovative use of
poured-in-place concrete as both structure and exterior surface, and also for
its abstracted classical form language. Most radical is the church's crypt,
with its slender concrete columns and angular, cubist capitals and bases.
Tromostovje, designed by
Plečnik. In the back, the Ljubljana
Franciscan Church
can be seen
In 1911 Plečnik moved to Prague, where he taught
at the college of arts and crafts. His teachings emphasized both classical
architectural principles and folk-art traditions, and influenced a generation
of architects who would help define the avant-garde Czech Cubist movement of
the 1920s. In 1920 he began work on Prague
Castle, a medieval
structure that dominates the historic capital. The President at the time, Tomáš
Masaryk, sought to renovate the facility and appointed Plečnik chief architect.
From 1920 until 1934 Plečnik completed numerous projects at the castle,
including renovation of numerous gardens and courtyards, the design and
installation of monuments and sculptures, and the design of numerous new
interior spaces, including the Plečnik Hall completed in 1930, which features
three levels of abstracted Doric colonnades.
Much of the work on Prague castle was completed while Plečnik was in his
hometown of Ljubljana, where he moved to teach
at the fledgling University
of Ljubljana in 1921,
following the invitation of fellow architect Ivan Vurnik. Plečnik would remain
in Ljubljana
until his death, and it is there that his influence as an architect is most
noticeable. Working tirelessly throughout the 1920s and 1930s, Plečnik
transformed Ljubljana through works such as the Church of St. Francis; civic
improvements including new bridges, waterfront, banks, and sluices along the
Ljubljanica River; new market buildings, kiosks monuments, plazas, and parks; a
new cemetery, Žale; and major buildings such as the Vzajemna Insurance Company
Offices and the monumental University Library. Buildings designed by Plečnik
were built by the constructor Matko Curk.
The National and University
Library in Ljubljana,
1930-1941
After World War II Plečnik
fell out of favor in the new Communist Yugoslavia, where his commitment to
classical architecture and his devout Catholicism were viewed with skepticism.
His teaching role at the university was gradually reduced and he received fewer
commissions, although he did complete some smaller monuments, fountains and
church renovations in the 1950s. Plečnik died in 1957 and received an official
state funeral in Žale.
Plečnik's work, which was
characterized by iconic, classical forms used in surprising, often
unconventional ways, was largely forgotten in the 1960s and 1970s. Renewed
interest in Plečnik's work developed in the 1980s and 1990s, as postmodernism
led to a reconsideration of classical forms and motifs in architecture.
Plečnik was depicted on the
obverse of the Slovenian 500 tolar banknote, and the National and University
Library of Slovenia was depicted on the reverse.
The Cathedral of Freedom is
depicted on the 10 euro cent coin.
On 23 January 2012,
celebrating the 140th birth anniversary of Plečnik, a picture of the Triple Bridge
was featured as official adaptation in Slovenia.
This is a list of works by
the Slovenian architect Jože Plečnik (1872–1957), who practised in Vienna, Belgrade, Prague and Ljubljana.
Langer House. Vienna, (1900–1901)
Zacherlhaus, Vienna, (1903–1905)
Church of the Holy Spirit, Vienna, (1908–1913) [1]
Prague Castle (various projects). Prague, (1920–1934)
Prague Castle
(Garden of Eden and first court), Prague,
(1920–1926)
Church of the Sacred Heart of
Jesus, Prague,
(1921–1932)
Bežigrad Stadium, Ljubljana, (1923–1939)
Church of St. Francis
of Assisi, Šiška, Ljubljana, (1925–1927)
Chamber of commerce, work and
industry, Ljubljana,
(1925–1927)
Church of the Archangel
Michael on the Marsh (Sveti Mihael na Barju),
Črna vas near Ljubljana, (1925–1939)
The Bank of Celje building,
Celje, (1927–1930)
Roman Catholic Church of St.
Anthony of Padua (Crkva svetog Antuna/Antona)
with a somewhat leaning tower at Red Cross, Belgrade (1928–1932)
The Vzajemna zavarovalnica
insurance company building, Ljubljana,
(1928–1939)
"Tromostovje" or
the Triple bridge, Ljubljana,
(1929–1932)
National and University
Library, Ljubljana,
(1930–1941)
Cobblers' Bridge (Čevljarski
or, more accurately, Šuštarski most), Ljubljana,
(1931–1932)
"Peglezen", the
"Flatiron" house, [Ljubljana,
(1932–1934)
Žale Cemetery, Ljubljana, (1937–1940)
The Fish Market, Ljubljana, (1939–1942)
The Ursuline gymnasium, Ljubljana, (1939–1940)
Slovene National Parliament,
(Katedrala svobode) Ljubljana,
(1947) (unrealized)
Križanke, Ljubljana, (1952–1956)
Church of the Visitation in
Ponikve, (1952–1958)
Jože Plečnik
fotosi, štiva
https://www.google.com/search?q=jo%C5%BEe+ple%C4%8Dnik&hl=en&client=opera&hs=bI1&rls=en&channel=suggest&prmd=imvnso&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=7LXsT_znK9LZ4QTykMGWBQ&ved=0CFsQsAQ&biw=991&bih=637